Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer types in women; it can lead to severe complications if not treated at an early stage. One way to ensure adequate treatment is to improve awareness of the condition. This then ensures routine screening and timely diagnosis. So, this article talks all about the risk factors, early signs to look out for, and the stages of breast cancer.

Risk factors of breast cancer

1. Age
It is not uncommon for young women to develop breast cancer. However, the cases are more prevalent in women over 50 years of age. Thus, it is vital to get yourself screened regularly from the time you’re in your thirties.

2. Long menstrual cycle
Women who get their first menstrual cycle before the age of 12, and start their menopause beyond the age of 55 are at a higher risk of developing this cancer. This is because of the prolonged hormonal exposure the individuals tend to face.

3. Family history
If someone in your family, especially your mother, daughter, or sister, has been diagnosed with breast cancer or ovarian cancer, then you might be at a higher risk for the former.

4. Obesity
Being overweight and leading a sedentary lifestyle can increase the risks of developing this disease significantly. It is even more critical to work on your weight when you reach menopause.

5. Other factors
Excess substance abuse is also one of the primary factors of breast cancer. Also, the condition is relatively less common in women who have their first pregnancy before they turn 30.

Signs of breast cancer

1. Lumps in the breast
Though this is one of the most common warning signs of breast cancer, there are several reasons why women could feel lumps in their breasts. But if you find new lumps or even lumps near the armpit area, it should not be disregarded.

2. Drastic changes in the breasts’ appearance
Sagging and slight changes in shape occur with aging. Pregnancy and breastfeeding also cause this. But if you notice sudden visible changes in the size or shape of your breasts, you should consider it as a possible warning sign of this cancer.

3. Discharge from the nipples
Unless you are breastfeeding your baby, you should not ignore discharge from your nipple. This can be either pale-colored or red and is a sign of breast cancer.

Stages of breast cancer
Based on the size of the tumor as well as the extent to which it has spread, this cancer is classified into stage 0, stage 1, stage 2, stage 3 or stage 4. There is a TNM reading given at the end of diagnosis indicating the size of the tumor (T), possible infection in lymph nodes (N) and metastasis or spread of the tumor (M). The success rate of treating the cancer drops in the later stages. So, an early diagnosis and intervention are important.